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TECHNICAL FAQ

Battery Storage Questions, Answered Plainly

The ten things distributors and installers ask us before they send a specification. Every number here is the same one published on our Storage, Certifications and Service pages — if your project differs, ask us and we will answer for your case.

How the technology works

What exactly is a battery energy storage system (BESS)?

A BESS stores electricity in rechargeable batteries and releases it when you want it — from solar, from the grid, or from a generator. Every system we build has four parts: LiFePO4 battery modules that hold the energy; a BMS (battery management system) that watches cell voltage and temperature, balances the cells and cuts the current if anything drifts outside safe limits; a hybrid or grid-tie inverter that converts DC to AC and back again; and a meter with control logic that decides when to charge and when to discharge.

The battery is the part we design and build, and our all-in-one models integrate the inverter as well. Send us your loads, your grid connection and your budget and we specify the rest around them.

Why LiFePO4 instead of NCM for storage?

Three reasons, and all of them are about cost over the life of the battery rather than the headline specification. Cycle life: our residential storage series is rated 5,000–6,000 cycles and the 300W and 500W portable stations up to 8,000, designed for 10+ years of service. Thermal behaviour: LiFePO4 is considerably more stable than NCM, which is why it is the normal choice for a battery installed in or beside a building. Cost per cycle: LFP is cheaper per kWh cycled even though it weighs more per kWh.

Where weight per kWh is the dominant constraint — our e-bike and e-motorcycle packs — we do build NCM. For stationary storage we build LiFePO4.

How do I size a system — how many kW and how many kWh?

kW is power: how much can flow at one moment. kWh is energy: how much the battery holds. They are two different numbers, and buyers routinely overpay by sizing both from an appliance list.

What we need in order to size it properly is your daily consumption in kWh and your peak demand in kW — taken from a bill or a meter, not from nameplates — what the system is actually for (solar self-consumption, time-of-use arbitrage, backup for specific circuits, or demand-charge reduction), how many hours of backup you want, and the supply you are on: single or three phase, and at what voltage. As a rough anchor for a home, a 51.2V 200Ah battery holds 10.24 kWh, and most households sit between 5 and 20 kWh. For a factory, start from the maximum demand recorded on the bill. We run the numbers and send a proposal; asking costs nothing and commits you to nothing.

What system suits a factory or a warehouse?

Usually one of three jobs: peak shaving and time-of-use arbitrage (charge while power is cheap, discharge into the expensive window), backup for lines that cannot tolerate a trip, or cutting the demand charge on the bill. A workshop, cold room or small site is normally covered by our all-in-one models — 6kW to 12kW with 16 to 64 kWh, stackable and rack-mounted, installed like a piece of equipment rather than a room. A larger industrial site uses high-voltage battery cabinets with liquid cooling, on the 6,000-cycle IP67 platform we build for commercial and industrial projects.

Cabinet and rack integration is specified per project, because the real constraints are your transformer capacity, the floor space and the cable route to it, the ambient temperature, and whether the system has to keep running when the grid falls away. A single-line diagram helps, but a photo of the switchboard is usually enough to start.

Can we expand it later?

Yes on most models — but plan the headroom when you order, not afterwards. Our stackable series runs from one module to eight (51.2V 100Ah each, so 5.12 kWh up to about 41 kWh), the stackable all-in-one range extends to 60 kWh with rack versions to 64 kWh, and parallel and grid-tie expansion is available on selected ESS models.

What limits growth later is rarely the battery. It is the cable sizing, the breaker, and the maximum charge and discharge current of the inverter — which is why we ask about your planned load growth in the first conversation rather than the second.

Getting a battery across a border

What is UN38.3, and why can't you simply ship me a battery?

UN38.3 is section 38.3 of the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods — Manual of Tests and Criteria. It is a set of tests (altitude, thermal cycling, vibration, shock, short circuit, overcharge and forced discharge) that a lithium battery type must pass before it may be carried by air or by sea. Without the UN38.3 test summary, most freight forwarders will refuse the shipment regardless of destination.

Every export we ship is backed by the paperwork: the UN38.3 test report from a CNAS-accredited laboratory, an MSDS, and the sea-freight dangerous-goods transport assessment. We provide copies on request — including before you order, if you want to check them with your forwarder first.

What certificates do I need to import lithium batteries?

Two separate layers, and buyers often confuse them. On the export side, the transport documents above are what allow the battery to leave China and enter a vessel or an aircraft. On the import side, your own market-access rules decide what the battery may legally do once it lands: a safety marking, a grid-connection approval for the inverter, and in some countries a register that the installer or the importer — not the factory — has to file.

We are deliberately precise about what we hold today. Our CE documentation covers the EMC Directive (2014/30/EU) for the certified models, and coverage for further models and directives is arranged per order and destination market. We do not hold UL certification. Where your market requires something outside that set, we arrange testing and certification per order with accredited laboratories, or specify a qualified partner factory that already holds it — and we confirm in writing, before you place the order, exactly which documents we supply and which you register locally.

Tell us the destination country and the product and we will answer that question specifically rather than generically.

What is the warranty, and what happens when something fails overseas?

Warranty follows the product category: 2 years on inverters, 5 years on lithium batteries, 3 years on all-in-one systems. Within the warranty period, faults that are not caused by the user are repaired free of charge and faulty parts are replaced free of charge. Liability is judged from BMS data — one reason we build logging into the pack — and damage from misuse, water ingress or operation beyond the rated limits is excluded. Any dispute is settled by independent third-party testing.

The practical side for an overseas distributor is this. Every order is backed by a support group on WhatsApp, where our engineers work through the fault with your team by video call and follow it until it is closed. Battery-swap products ship with BMS plus 4G telemetry, so fault data can be read remotely. And distributors receive spare units with their first order (we suggest 1–2% of quantity): the replacement goes out immediately and the faulty unit returns later by sea in a batch — so your end customer waits days, not a shipping cycle.

OEM, MOQ and compatibility

Do you take OEM / ODM orders, and what is the MOQ?

Yes — custom manufacturing is most of what we do, and the MOQ starts at 1 unit, including on customised packs, because a single prototype is normal practice before a production run.

What you can change: voltage and capacity, BMS design, communication protocol (CAN, RS485, 4G or Bluetooth) and connectors; enclosure, mounting method, dimensions, IP ingress rating and thermal management (air cooling, liquid cooling or heating); and your own label, colour scheme and packaging, with private tooling if you want an enclosure that is yours alone.

The path is fixed: you send a specification or a sample, we return an engineering review and a quotation, then prototype, then validation and certification, then volume production. Prototype and production lead times depend on the product, so we state them with the quotation rather than as a number on a website. Send your target voltage, capacity and quantity and we return a quotation within 24 hours (GMT+8, working days).

Will your battery work with my inverter?

Almost certainly — and we confirm it against your exact model before you commit, not after. Our storage BMS communicates over CAN or RS485, and we load the protocol profile that matches the inverter you are using. The brand and protocol combinations we publish on the Storage page are the ones we handle as standard.

The part that surprises buyers is that "compatible" is model- and firmware-specific. The same inverter brand can use a different battery protocol between model revisions, and in the field the pinout or the cable is often the real problem rather than the software. Send us the inverter brand, the exact model and, if you can see it, the firmware version — and we will tell you in writing which protocol we load, which cable we supply, and any setting your installer needs to change.